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Hot Rolled Steel Coil Q195 Q235 Q235B
Hot rolled steel coil is made from slabs (mainly continuous casting slabs) and are heated in a heating furnace, rolled into strips by a rough rolling unit and a finishing rolling unit, and finally coiled into coils.
The core process includes: heating → descaling → rough rolling → finishing rolling → laminar cooling → coiling → bundling and packaging.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Hot rolled steel coil |
| Material | Q195, Q235, Q235B, etc. |
| Specifications | Thickness: 1.2mm - 25.4mm Width: 600mm - 2000mm |
| Packaging | Export packaging or packaging according to customer requirements |
|---|---|
| Delivery status | Hot rolled, annealed |
| Application | Construction, machinery manufacturing, automobiles, home appliances, containers, ships, etc. |
| Roll weight | According to customer requirements |
|---|---|
| Surface | Black leather surface, pickled surface |
| Standards | GB/T 709, ASTM A568, JIS G3131, etc. |
Balance of strength and toughness
The hot rolling process retains the good comprehensive mechanical properties of steel.
Excellent processing performance
Easy to perform subsequent processing such as bending, stamping, welding, etc.
Stable surface quality
Meets most industrial application requirements (common surface conditions: pickled, unpickled/black skin).
Q195, Q235, Q235B detailed explanation and comparison
1. Q195: Economical and practical choice
Positioning: One of the grades with the lowest carbon content in carbon structural steel, with relatively low strength, but excellent plasticity and cold bending performance.
Core features
Low carbon (C ≤ 0.12%): Brings excellent cold working formability (deep drawing, bending).
Low strength (low yield, tensile strength): Suitable for occasions with small loads.
High plastic elongation: The material has strong deformation ability.
Good weldability: The welding process is simple and cracks are not easy to occur.
2. Q235: Classic all-round player
Positioning: The most widely used carbon structural steel grade, with good comprehensive performance and extremely high cost performance.
Core features
Medium carbon content (C: 0.12%-0.20%): Balances strength, plasticity and weldability.
Good comprehensive mechanical properties: Yield strength ≥235MPa, meeting most general structural strength requirements.
Good plasticity and toughness: Ensures a certain degree of deformation ability and impact resistance.
Good welding performance: Reliable joints can be obtained using conventional welding methods (note that preheating is required when the plate thickness is large).
3. Q235B: "Upgraded Version" of Q235 - Better Toughness
Positioning: Based on Q235, through stricter chemical composition control and impact toughness requirements, the low-temperature toughness and quality stability of the material are significantly improved.
Core features
Stricter chemical composition control: Reduce the influence of harmful elements and improve purity.
Mandatory impact toughness: This is the core difference from Q235! It means that Q235B has a higher resistance to brittle fracture when subjected to impact loads or used in low temperature environments.
Other mechanical properties (yield, tensile strength, elongation) are basically the same as Q235.
Application
Q195 hot rolled steel sheet in coil is used to manufacture products that do not require high strength and wear resistance, such as building structures, automotive parts, general mechanical parts, etc.
Q235 hot rolled metal steel coil is used in bridges, building structures, vehicle manufacturing and other fields, and is the basic model of hot-rolled coils.
Hot rolled steel coil Q235B is suitable for mechanical structural parts in low temperature environments (above -20°C), such as tank legs, pressure vessels, etc.
How to choose scientifically: Q195, Q235 or Q235B?
Choosing the right grade is the key to ensuring project success and controlling costs. Please make decisions based on the following core factors:
1. Load nature and size:
Light load/non-load-bearing parts: Q195 is the first choice, which is the most economical.
General static load structure (building, bracket, equipment frame): Q235 (Grade A) fully meets the requirements and is the mainstream choice.
Under dynamic load, impact load or vibration environment: Q235B must be selected. Its good impact toughness can effectively prevent sudden brittle fracture and improve structural safety and service life.
2. Ambient temperature:
Normal temperature environment: Q235 (A) or Q235B can be used. If the structure is of high importance or there is a potential impact risk, Q235B is recommended.
Low temperature environment (such as winter in northern my country): Q235B is strongly recommended. Low temperature will significantly reduce the toughness of steel. The low temperature resistance of Q235B is far better than that of Q235 (A) without impact requirements. For more severe cold or critical structures, Q235C/D or low alloy steel with higher toughness grade should be considered.
3. Welding requirements:
All three have good weldability.
For important welded structures, thick plate welding or structures with requirements for weld toughness, Q235B is a better choice. Lower S and P content and calm steel structure reduce the tendency of welding hot cracks, which is conducive to obtaining a weld heat affected zone with better toughness.
4. Processing requirements:
Requires complex deep drawing and severe bending: Q195's excellent plasticity makes it the first choice.
General bending and bending: Q235 and Q235B can meet the requirements.
5. Cost budget:
Q195 < Q235(A) < Q235B.
Choose the most economical grade on the premise of meeting performance requirements. Avoid excessive use of Q235B in pursuit of "high grade" and cause waste, and never use materials that do not meet the toughness requirements in key parts (such as replacing Q235B with Q235A) to save costs.
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